The topic of infertility raises many questions for those trying to have a baby who haven’t succeeded yet. Most turn to the Internet because it’s a free and easy-to-access resource.
At Ingenes we researched the most frequently asked questions on Google about infertility and, with the help of our fertility specialist, Dr. Ana Carolina Salazar, we answered each one.
What is the difference between sterility and infertility, and why does it matter?
“We talk about sterility when a woman under 35 fails to achieve a positive pregnancy test after one year of attempts without contraception and with regular intercourse. If she is over 35, that period is reduced to six months,” explains Dr. Salazar. “Infertility, on the other hand, is the inability to carry a pregnancy to term.”
Understanding this difference helps set realistic goals and take the right next step on your reproductive journey. Avoid self-medicating and always consult a specialist.
At what age should a woman’s reproductive age be considered, and what factors influence it?
“Reproductive age varies from family to family, but on average the best time to try for a pregnancy is before age 32. After that, although possible, the chances decrease,” says Dr. Salazar.
Genetic inheritance, ovarian reserve, and lifestyle habits affect that age. Before taking any medication, consult a specialist in Assisted Reproduction to increase your chances of success.
How do you know if a woman has the potential to have children?
“There are several tests to identify infertility factors. If a tubal issue is suspected, a hysterosalpingography is recommended. If the factor is ovarian, AMH tests and antral follicle count (AFC) are ordered to assess ovarian reserve,” details Dr. Salazar.
These tests (AMH in serum mL or follicle count by ultrasound) allow personalizing the treatment plan. At Ingenes we do this through our Initial Program.
What are the chances of getting pregnant with Clomiphene and who is a candidate?
“Success with Clomiphene depends on the cause of infertility, since it only stimulates ovulation. If you are a candidate, there is a higher risk of multiple pregnancies, so it should always be used under medical supervision,” advises Dr. Salazar.
Success rates are around 20–25% per cycle under supervision. Protocols start with 50 mg daily and can go up to 150 mg, always under a specialist’s watch.
What is endometriosis, how does it affect fertility, and how is it treated?
“Endometriosis is increasingly common in women of reproductive age and one of the main causes of infertility. It involves the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, affecting egg quality and embryo implantation,” explains Dr. Salazar.
Management may include laparoscopic surgery, hormonal treatments, or assisted reproduction techniques. Learn more at Research in Search of Answers to Infertility.
How to prepare for a comprehensive fertility assessment?
According to the National Population Council (CONAPO), 17% of women of reproductive age in Mexico suffer from infertility and at least 1.4 million Mexicans require Assisted Reproduction. Before your first consultation:
- Keep a menstrual diary for at least three months.
- Record irregularities in duration or flow (mL of blood).
- Gather your medical and family history, including BMI (kg/m²).
These data help design an individualized evaluation plan.
Have you been trying to conceive for more than a year without success?
At Ingenes we understand your situation, which is why we created the Initial Program to accurately diagnose and define the shortest path to having your baby.
Our Assisted Reproduction specialists have the experience to address each case with the care you deserve. We’re here to help you achieve your dream.
If you want a consultation with our experts, tell us your case here and we will be happy to advise you.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Can lifestyle changes improve fertility?
Yes. A balanced diet rich in antioxidants, a healthy BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m²), and avoiding excessive tobacco or alcohol improve outcomes. Moderate exercise (150 minutes per week) helps hormonal balance.
Stress-reduction techniques like yoga or mindfulness can boost ovulation. These changes complement but do not replace medical evaluation. Avoid self-medication.
2. When should a couple seek a fertility evaluation?
Couples under 35 should evaluate after one year of unprotected intercourse without conceiving. Those over 35 after six months. Early evaluation includes a hormonal panel (FSH, LH, estradiol in IU/L) and anatomical studies such as hysterosalpingography.
Timely diagnosis increases treatment success and reduces time to achieve pregnancy. Always consult an Assisted Reproduction specialist.
3. What tests are essential for male fertility evaluation?
Semen analysis is fundamental: volume (mL), concentration (million/mL), motility (%), and morphology (% normal forms). DNA fragmentation index and hormone levels (testosterone, FSH, LH) are also assessed.
Depending on results, scrotal ultrasound or genetic studies may be required. Evaluating both partners simultaneously avoids unnecessary delays.
4. How do assisted reproduction techniques vary according to diagnosis?
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is for mild male factors or unexplained infertility and involves placing washed sperm (1–2 mL) directly into the uterus. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is used for tubal blockage, severe male factor, or endometriosis, involving egg retrieval and embryo culture.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is added when sperm parameters are very low. The choice of treatment depends on each case and should be made with a specialist. More information in our Assisted Reproduction FAQs.
Sources Consulted
- Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. (2020). Definitions of infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. Fertility and Sterility, 113(4), 533–535. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.12.019
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2021). Hysterosalpingography. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMCxxxxxxx/
- MedlinePlus. (2022). Clomiphene. Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682097.html
- World Health Organization. (2010). WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen (5th ed.). Geneva: WHO Press.
We know how difficult this journey is. Don’t lose hope: every case is unique and there are options within your reach. See a fertilization specialist for the guidance and support you deserve.